Angèle Lucas 1 Alastair J Noyce 2 Emeline Gernez 1 Joe M El Khoury 3 Guillaume Garcon 4 Etienne Cavalier 5 Sébastien Antherieu 4 , Guillaume Grzych 1
Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, 2024 Feb 21. doi: 10.1515/cclm-2023-1252
Recreational use of nitrous oxide (N2O) has become a major health problem worldwide, with a high number of clinical events, particularly in neurology and cardiology. It is essential to be able to detect and monitor N2O abuse in order to provide effective care and follow-up for these patients. There are no current recommendations for the detection of N2O in recreational misuse and consumption markers. We set out to update current knowledge by reviewing the literature on N2O measurement and kinetics. We examined the results of experiments carried out in preclinical models (in vitro or in vivo) or in humans, with the aim of identifying biomarkers of intoxication and biomarkers of clinical severity that can be used in the laboratory. As N2O is eliminated 5 minutes after inhalation, its measurement in exhaled air is of no value. Numerous studies have shown that concentrations in urine and blood matrices are related to ambient concentrations, but there are no similar data for direct exposure. No studies have been carried out to measure N2O in direct consumers. Currently, patients who actively consume N2O are monitored using effect biomarkers (biomarkers related to the effects of N2O on metabolism), such as vitamin B12, homocysteine and methylmalonic acid.
Link to article: https: //pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38377044/
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